Focus in the mind map some concepts. For USMLE purposes, the fallowing information about Lipoproteins is consider High Yield:
- HDL: Apo-A1. It's the "cleaner A1", the best. It uses tools: L-CAT and CETP to celan.
- Acquire cholesterol from the vessels walls and transfer cholestero ester to IDL.
- Transfer Apo-E and Apo-CII to nascent chylomicrons and VLDLs.
- Chylomicron: ApoB-48:
- Carries dietary fat from the intestine to the blood.
- VLDL: ApoB-100.
- Carries newly made fat in the blood.
- IDL: ApoB-100. Remnant of VLDL.
- Deliver triglycerides to the adipose cells.
- LDL: ApoB-100.
- When the IDL particle accumulates cholesterol esters from the HDL, it becomes in LDL.
Q: Patient 20-years-old with family history of hypercholesterolemia. Physical exam shows plaques on the skin near to the Achilles tendon. Laboratory results cholesterol 750 mg/mL. What receptor is defective or absent?
ReplyDeleteA: Familiar hypercholesterolemia type II - LDL receptor.
Q: A 4-years-old boy with both parents history of hypercholesterolemia (300-400 mg/dL) since childhood. The patient lipid profile shows a cholesterol level of 900 mg/dL. If the patient grows up and has a child with a normal girl, what is the probability that their child will have hypercholesterolemia?
ReplyDeleteA: 1 of 1 -> Autosomal Dominant Condition.